West Africa is home to some of the poorest countries in the world: Niger, Ghana, Mali and Burkina Faso. In these countries, safe water is difficult to obtain and the ramifications are devastating. Women and girls are responsible for carrying huge buckets of water great distances, resulting in structural damage to their bodies. Additionally, so much time and effort is put into delivering water to their villages that girls and women lose the opportunity to receive an education. Still, the water that they transport is often unsafe, so diseases like trachoma, guinea worm and other diarrheal diseases are extremely prevalent in West Africa. In his new book “Water Is Key: A Better Future for Africa” (Balcony Press), former Los Angeles district attorney and professional photographer Gil Garcetti features 110 black-and-white photographs, anecdotes and quotes from West African villagers as well as short essays by leaders like President Jimmy Carter, former United Nations Secretary Kofi Anann and president of Liberia Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf. The book is a “call to action” to people in industrialized nations to aid in the plight of non-governmental organizations that are working on safe-water projects in West Africa. “It hit me,” Garcetti said about one of his first visits to West Africa. “‘I’ve got to do a photo project here. I’ve got to help rally the industrialized world to care about the people in the world. It’s the right thing, the moral thing and the politically right thing to do and we should be there helping.” Garcetti’s photographs will also be displayed at the Fowler Museum at UCLA in an exhibit called “Women, Water and Wells,” opening on September 9 and ending November 25. This Sunday, Garcetti will lead two tours through the exhibit at 2 p.m. and 4 p.m. and will sign books at 3 p.m. while Palisadian Rocky Dawuni, an acclaimed Ghanaian recording artist, performs. Garcetti’s passion for safe-water projects in Africa came about quite by accident. In November 2000 he lost the election for Los Angeles district attorney. After 20 years of working in the D.A.’s office, eight of those as district attorney, Garcetti found himself without a job. His wife already had plans to visit West Africa on a safe-water mission with the Hilton Foundation, so when they invited him to come along as their photographer, he accepted. Garcetti, an amateur photographer, was rarely seen during his tenure as D.A. without his camera in tow. When he first arrived in the Sahelian region of West Africa, Garcetti was not shocked by what he saw. “I knew what to expect, somewhat. I saw and heard repeatedly that 70 percent of people in West Africa don’t have safe water,” he said. “I saw the consequences: poverty, blindness, mothers who lost infants.” Over the next four-and-a-half years Garcetti visited West Africa five times, taking photographs, and helping the Hilton Foundation and other NGOs bring attention to the desperate need for safe drinking water in developing countries. Enthralled by the land and the people, Garcetti became deeply committed to raising awareness of and funds for safe water in the region. His rich black-and-white photographs underscore the link between water and human health in West Africa, as well as the dramatic economic and public welfare successes that can be achieved when safe water is delivered to villages. Garcetti’s exhibit at the Fowler Museum focuses heavily on the role of the women and girls whose responsibility it is to transport water from distant locations back to the people in their village. “One thing that really surprised me was learning the effect that it had on girls and women,” Garcetti said in an interview with the Palisadian-Post. “Because of the fact that girls and women had to go and fetch the water, girls and women don’t go to school. “I interviewed the women. They would show me their incredibly callused hands. They talked about their shoulder joints and how much they hurt, and their knees. They pay a price. Nevertheless, there was a dignity and positive nature about this.” Still, even though water is made available to villagers, it is generally unsafe for both consumption and washing. Guinea worm disease, which is prevalent in West Africa, is caused by a threadlike parasitic worm that grows up to three feet long and matures inside the human body. There is no cure and the only treatment is to remove the worm over many weeks by winding it around a small stick and pulling it out a tiny bit at a time. No medication is available to end or prevent infection. Guinea worm larvae are found in drinking water. A lack of clean water also results in a lack of hygiene, which is one of the major causes of trachoma, a disease that commonly affects both children and adults and is caused by a parasitic bacteria that grows only within the cells of eyelids. Over a period of years, scarring of the eyelids can cause eyelashes to point inwards, scratching the lens of the eye, eventually causing blindness. The simple act of face washing with clean water could prevent this disease. “There’s plenty of water in Africa,” Garcetti said. “Governments simply don’t have the money to provide safe water.” All of Garcetti’s profits from “Water Is Key: A Better Future for Africa” will go to NGOs working on safe-water projects in West Africa, and he hopes to spend the next year raising public awareness about safe water. “My effort is showing the beauty of these people and their hope and what happens when you do bring safe water to a village,’ Garcetti said. ‘It changes life forever.”

From the early 20th century, Santa Monica Bay was the magnet that attracted tourists from all over the world, who came to enjoy a bit of fun in the sun. Back then, so many of these beachgoers were unaccustomed to the wiles of ocean swimming that precarious rescues and drownings often dominated local headlines. These well-publicized tragedies hurt the local coastal tourist and real estate industries, and efforts to encourage beachgoers to swim in the plunges adjacent to the beach were helpful, but not enough to keep people away from the ocean. In 1907, Abbot Kinney, whose neighboring ‘Venice-of-America’ was particularly dependent on tourist dollars and home sales, took the lead in organizing a trained lifeguard force. Kinney invited a young Hawaiian named George Freeth, who introduced surfing to California, to teach local lifesavers a wide array of techniques that later revolutionized ocean lifeguarding along the Southern California coastline. The history of the Santa Monica lifeguards is chronicled in Arthur Verge’s book ‘Images of America: Santa Monica Lifeguards.’ Verge, a Los Angeles County lifeguard since 1974 and professor of history at El Camino College, uses a wide range of historic photographs, including the scrapbooks of numerous lifeguards, to tell the story. He will talk about his book on Thursday, September 13 at 7 p.m. at the Ocean Park branch of the Santa Monica Public Library, 2601 Main St. In the early days, young men who enjoyed playing water polo and swimming in the Ocean Park and Venice plunges were asked to volunteer as lifeguards along the shoreline. It wasn’t until the 1920s and early 1930s that modern lifeguard services were in place year-round. During the Depression, many lifeguards enjoyed their time on the beach, surfing, fishing and diving when they were not on duty. The war years, however, cut into the public service, as most lifeguards went into the military. Palisadian Dick Orr, who served almost 50 years as a part-time lifeguard, working summers and holidays, enjoyed what are now considered the golden years for Santa Monica lifeguards, from 1945 to 1960. For a kid from Compton, spending his summers at the beach was attractive. ‘I was home for the summer from Brigham Young University, where I was playing football and studying to be a physical education teacher, and I noticed an advertisement in the gym at Compton High School for a lifeguard’$1.87 an hour,’ Orr recalls. ‘That was 1953.’ Training in those days was consolidated into a ‘rookie week,’ Orr says. He was taught mostly first-aid techniques, such as how to apply direct pressure, fix cuts, and perform CPR, as well as rescue procedures using the rescue tube. ‘I did my rookie year at Cabrillo Beach in San Pedro,’ Orr says, ‘and after that I wanted to be closer to home so I was transferred to Venice, where I met [my wife] Inga,’ whom he ‘beguiled’ with his lifeguard sweet talk. ‘I saw this tall, beautiful blonde, and told her that I had forgotten my soda and knew that I was going to be very thirsty. She was there with her niece and uncle and offered me a soda.’ In 1960, Orr graduated from BYU and got a job teaching PE and history at Airport Junior High, but stayed on with the lifeguard service as a ‘recurrent’ lifeguard. He worked his way up to Will Rogers State Beach, spending the remaining years of his career at towers 6, 7 and 8, near the Bel-Air Bay Club. While lifeguarding equipment has become more technological these days, thanks to ‘Baywatch’ creator Greg Bonann (who introduced the Jet ski and fast boat), the dangers remain the same, says Orr. He recalls a double rescue. ‘I was working at the Fire Pit at Playa del Rey when two kids were caught in a riptide. I contacted headquarters to tell them that I was leaving my station to make the rescue and ran into the water. One kid made it back by himself, but I brought in the other one with a rescue tube.’ Beyond strength and skill, Orr possesses a friendly, relaxed manner that is key in helping victims, who are often panicked. Riptides are particularly dangerous, especially near a jetty, Orr says. On one occasion, he was making a rescue on an especially tricky day and noticed that to his left and right other lifeguards were in the water rescuing struggling swimmers. These days, the Los Angeles County Lifeguards are a division of the Los Angeles County Fire Department. Qualifications for the job are rigorous. ‘To get on a crew,’ Orr says, ‘men and women candidates have to swim 1,000 meters around a buoy, get out of the water, run around the headquarters tower and then back into the water and repeat the swim. The training is fantastic.’ Orr retired in 1995 (making $100 a day), believing it was time to let younger people do the job. While he doesn’t swim in the ocean these days, he does still enjoy his home swimming pool and recalling those years at the beach.

By AMANDA MEDRESS Palisadian-Post Contributor As 21-year-old Sean Friar plays his composition “Elastic Loops” in his Pacific Palisades home, his hands leap deliberately across the piano. His sandaled feet rest atop the pedals, his eyes close, and his arms tense. It’s no surprise he describes his music as energetic. This fall, Friar will begin his doctoral degree in music composition at Princeton University, as part of a four-year Roger Sessions Fellowship. The contemporary classical music program, which accepts only four students a year, normally admits students who already have a master’s degree. Friar, who is soft-spoken and articulate, has other honors on his resume. In June, he won a prestigious Morton Gould Young Composer Award from the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers, an award he accepted at Lincoln Center in New York. In 2003 he won the PTA’s national Reflections contest in composition and received his award in Charlotte, North Carolina. Friar was Mr. Palisades as a tenth grader at Palisades High and still has a picture with then-Honorary Mayor Anthony Hopkins pinned in his room. The experience of being the youngest person at monthly Chamber of Commerce mixers gave Friar valuable social skills. “It was a pretty different social environment than what an average teenager is used to,” he says. “You learn to schmooze. I was a lot more confident and comfortable talking to with all kinds of people after that.” A graduate of Marquez, Paul Revere, and PaliHi, Friar received bachelor’s degrees in music composition and psychology from UCLA, where he graduated summa cum laude in May. Although he applied to numerous graduate programs, Princeton’s proximity to the New York music scene, performance opportunities and freedom of composing style made the school his top choice. Last week, Friar drove cross-country to Princeton with his older sister, Christine (also a Palisades High graduate) and a friend. At Princeton, he hopes to gain teaching experience, which is one of the few ways to make a living as a classical composer. “I won’t hold out for being famous,” he says. “Even the most famous classical composers now aren’t really famous.” Instead of focusing on fame and awards, Friar plans to hone his compositional voice, and continue experimenting with different music styles. “It is especially important for young composers not to get stuck doing the same thing too early,” he notes. Friar started his career as a musician when he was five. “I got really impatient practicing piano when I was young,” he recalls. His mother Linda, a pianist herself, “worked out a lot of deals with me–like ‘practice for one minute and I’ll give you a nickel, practice for twenty minutes and you can go down and buy a pack of cards.'” As a young pianist, Friar focused on blues and rock and roll–in middle school, he played “Great Balls of Fire” at a recital, and dressed up as Jerry Lee Lewis for Halloween. His first teacher emphasized the importance of rhythm. “We would get up from the piano and she’d have me walk around and march and clap rhythms. I have a lot of tapes of me playing really frenetic blues, wild and almost uncontrolled, but it was what got me excited about music.” From early on, Friar’s teachers encouraged him to improvise, which eventually led him to composition. Although Friar began jotting down ideas in late elementary school, he started classical composition in high school. His pieces transitioned from a traditional style similar to Beethoven, then to a Romantic style, and eventually to more contemporary pieces. Friar, who currently writes most of his music for solo piano and small to medium chamber ensembles, says there’s no instrumentation he doesn’t like to write for. “A lot of composers say, every time you start a new piece, it’s like how do you do this again? You forget how it goes,” says Friar, whose pieces are technically rigorous, rhythm-oriented, and contain bluesy references. “I have my ways of building pieces, but really that’s all just a means to an end. I don’t want people to pay attention to how I put a piece together, I just want them to enjoy it, whether they know anything about music or not.” In his spare time, Friar enjoys playing tennis, reading about astronomy, and traveling. Since he was three, his family has exchanged houses every summer in Europe. Switzerland is one of his favorite countries, but not all destinations are clear in his memory. “A lot of places I’d like to see again. When you’re five you just want to play Gameboy in the car, even if you’re in the Alps with some incredible views.” Friar relates well to fellow musicians. “Musicians are all a little weird–they work really hard, spend a lot of time on music at odd hours. Being with musicians, there are a lot of things we already know and understand about each other,” he says. Furthermore, being a composer allows Friar artistic freedom. “Even though I think there are a lot of pianists who are better than me, I just really understand my pieces. I may hit some wrong notes, but I’ll always have the character right. I get a little nervous playing–that’s why I like composing. Once you’ve finished it, the piece is done and nothing can ruin it. With playing, a bad performance can erase a lot of hard work.” To listen to Friar’s compositions, please visit www.seanfriar.com.

Eight new paintings by Pacific Palisades artist Glenn Ossiander are on exhibit at George Billis Gallery in Culver City. Ossiander, who works in a studio at his home in Marquez Knolls, creates medium- to large-scale paintings in acrylic. He paints in a non-objective abstract style. A reception will be held on Saturday, September 8 from 5 to 8 p.m. and the exhibit runs through October 6. Work by San Francisco painter Stanley Goldstein and New York painter Derek Buckner will also be in the exhibit. George Billis, who also has a gallery in New York’s Chelsea district, was among the first to open in Culver City. The gallery, located at 2716 La Cienega Blvd., is open Tuesday through Saturday from 11 a.m. to 6 p.m. Contact: (310) 838-3685 or visit: www.georgebillis.com.